英文原文
Solution-focused brief therapy in schools: A review of the outcome literature. The application of solution-focused brief therapy (SFBT) with students and in school settings has grown over the past 10 years and has been applied to a number of behavioral and academic problems. This review of the research literature examined the most rigorous outcome studies on SFBT conducted in schools, given its promise within this specific setting and population. In addition, effect size estimates were calculated to further examine the effectiveness, thereby providing more quantitative information for each study. This review found mixed results but SFBT did show promise as a useful approach in working with at-risk students in a school setting, specifically helping students reduce the intensity of their negative feelings, manage their conduct problems, and externalizing behavioral problems. SFBT uses carefully posed questions that purposefully use communication tools from communication science that change perceptions through co-constructive language, combined with collaborative goal setting, and the use of solution-building techniques that occur between therapist and client. The core techniques include the miracle question, scaling questions, consulting break and giving compliments, assigning homework tasks, looking for strengths or solutions, goal-setting, and looking for exceptions to the problem. In school settings, SFBT has been applied to student behavioral and emotional issues, academic problems, social skills, and dropout prevention. The brief nature of SFBT and its flexibility suggest this approach is a practical intervention that can be easily applied and sustained in a school setting. Studies reviewed showed that SFBT may be effectively applied with a range of academic and behavioral problems in which schools struggle, and positive outcomes suggested that solution-focused therapy can be beneficial in helping students reduce the intensity of their negative feelings, manage their conduct problems, improve academic outcomes like credits earned, and positively impact externalizing behavioral problems and substance use. Effect sizes calculated showed that SFBT had medium and some large effect sizes. However, negative outcomes suggested that SFBT was not successful in raising GPA or improving attendance rates of students in some studies, and it was not successful at impacting the self-esteem of students in two studies. Overall, the review indicates that SFBT may have significant positive impact on behavior using a brief therapy approach, and it is recommended that practitioners may wish to explore further the use of SFBT in their work with children and adolescents in schools.
中文翻译
学校中的焦点解决短期治疗:结果文献综述。过去十年中,焦点解决短期治疗(SFBT)在学生和学校环境中的应用不断增长,并已应用于多种行为和学业问题。本研究综述了在学校环境中进行的SFBT最严格的结果研究,鉴于其在这一特定环境和人群中的前景。此外,计算了效应量估计以进一步检验有效性,从而为每项研究提供更多定量信息。本综述发现了混合结果,但SFBT确实显示出作为一种有用方法的潜力,用于在学校环境中与高危学生合作,特别是帮助学生减少负面情绪的强度、管理他们的行为问题和外化行为问题。SFBT使用精心设计的问题,有目的地利用传播科学的沟通工具,通过共同建构的语言改变认知,结合协作目标设定,以及治疗师与来访者之间使用的解决方案构建技术。核心技术包括奇迹问题、量表问题、咨询休息和给予赞美、布置家庭作业任务、寻找优势或解决方案、目标设定以及寻找问题的例外情况。在学校环境中,SFBT已应用于学生行为和情绪问题、学业问题、社交技能和辍学预防。SFBT的简短性和灵活性表明这种方法是一种实用的干预措施,可以轻松地在学校环境中应用和持续。综述的研究表明,SFBT可以有效地应用于学校面临的各种学业和行为问题,积极结果表明焦点解决治疗有助于帮助学生减少负面情绪的强度、管理他们的行为问题、改善学业成果如获得的学分,并对行为外化问题和物质使用产生积极影响。计算的效应量显示SFBT具有中等和一些较大的效应量。然而,负面结果表明,在一些研究中,SFBT未能成功提高学生的GPA或改善出勤率,并且在两项研究中未能影响学生的自尊。总体而言,本综述表明SFBT可能通过短期治疗方法对行为产生显著的积极影响,建议从业者可能希望进一步探索SFBT在学校儿童和青少年工作中的应用。
文章概要
本文综述了焦点解决短期治疗(SFBT)在学校环境中的研究文献,重点关注其在学生行为和学业问题上的应用效果。文章指出,SFBT通过协作目标设定和解决方案构建技术,如奇迹问题和量表问题,帮助高危学生减少负面情绪、管理行为问题。综述显示,SFBT在改善学生行为、学业成果如学分获得方面显示出积极效果,效应量中等至较大,但在提高GPA、出勤率和自尊方面结果不一。文章强调SFBT的简短性和灵活性使其适合学校环境,建议进一步探索其应用。
高德明老师的评价
用12岁初中生可以听懂的语音来重复翻译的内容:这个研究就像是在学校里用了一种特别的聊天方法,帮助那些遇到困难的同学。这种方法不是一直说问题有多糟糕,而是问一些有趣的问题,比如“如果明天一觉醒来,问题突然解决了,你会注意到什么不同?”这样,同学们可以一起想出好办法,让自己感觉更好、行为更棒。研究发现,这种方法真的能帮到很多同学,让他们在学校里更开心、学得更好。
焦点解决心理学理论评价:从焦点解决心理学的视角看,这项研究充分体现了SFBT的核心原则,如资源导向、目标澄清和例外寻找。研究通过协作目标设定,如使用奇迹问题和量表问题,帮助学生和咨询师共同构建解决方案,这强化了来访者的能动性和自我效能感。效应量分析显示中等至较大的积极效果,验证了SFBT在改变行为和情绪问题上的有效性,符合焦点解决理论强调的小改变引发大变化的理念。研究中的混合结果也提醒我们,SFBT的应用需要灵活适应不同情境,但其在目标澄清方面的优势,如帮助学生明确学业和行为目标,为学校咨询提供了强有力的工具。
在实践上可以应用的领域和可以解决人们的十个问题:SFBT在学校咨询中可以应用于学生行为管理、情绪调节、学业提升、社交技能培养、辍学预防、危机干预、家庭合作、教师培训、特殊教育支持和校园文化建设。它可以解决人们的十个问题:1. 帮助学生减少焦虑和抑郁情绪;2. 改善学生的课堂行为问题;3. 提高学生的学习动机和成绩;4. 增强学生的社交能力和同伴关系;5. 预防学生辍学和学业失败;6. 支持学生应对家庭变故或创伤;7. 协助教师更有效地管理班级;8. 促进家长与学校的合作沟通;9. 帮助特殊需求学生融入学校环境;10. 营造积极向上的校园氛围。