英文原文
Solutions Focused Formula – Exception Questions
In this segment, we look at exception questions for the goal that the client has set in the previous question in this Solution Focused Formula. The goal is set, the motivation for the goal has been assessed and the desire to achieve the goal has been established. Now we look at accessing their strengths to achieve their goal.
What we’re looking at here is the WHERE and HOW is this goal already happening?
This is an important step because:
* It helps identify for the client that they have some existing strengths and resources they can access to help them achieve their goal., * It also helps identify possible solutions or as I like to say “best next step”?,
So what is an exception question?
An exception question has the client focus their strengths and past “wins”. The focus on this area rather than the problems that could arise when reaching for the goal. It gives more attention to the strength of the client rather that the problem itself. Problems are like waves that crash to the shore and retreat to the ocean, very few problems are present all the time. In fact most problems aren’t happening at all or is happening to a lesser degree.
Helping the client notice these scenarios can help reduce the feeling of being overwhelmed by the problem or challenge and can help identify things that they or others are already doing to help solve the problem or challenge.
Here are examples of questions that you could ask that could elicit exceptions to the problem.
If the client is finding it hard to establish a goal and is focused on the problem you can interrupt the negative focus by asking an exceptional question like this:
Tell me about the times when the problem is less troubling or when it’s not happening at all?
* Tell me about the times when you’re coping a little better with the problem?, * What’s different about the times when better?, * When things are better how do you cope?, * Tell me what’s worked in the past even if it’s only for a short time?,
Remember to ask the detail, “what else? Tell me more,” so that they can begin to construct a detailed picture of when the problem or challenge not as intense or overwhelming.
So, in the next video we will tackle The Miracle Question.
中文翻译
焦点解决公式——例外提问
在本部分中，我们探讨例外提问，针对客户在焦点解决公式中先前设定的目标。目标已设定，目标的动机已评估，实现目标的愿望已确立。现在我们着眼于获取他们的优势以实现目标。
我们在这里关注的是：这个目标已经在何处以及如何发生？
这是一个重要步骤，因为：
* 它帮助客户识别他们已有的优势和资源，可用于实现目标。* 它也有助于识别可能的解决方案或我常说的“最佳下一步”？
那么，什么是例外提问？
例外提问让客户聚焦于他们的优势和过去的“胜利”。关注这一领域，而非追求目标时可能出现的问题。它更关注客户的优势而非问题本身。问题就像海浪拍打海岸又退回海洋，很少有问题是持续存在的。事实上，大多数问题根本没有发生或发生程度较低。
帮助客户注意到这些情境可以减少被问题或挑战压倒的感觉，并有助于识别他们或他人已经在做的事情来帮助解决问题或挑战。
以下是一些可以引出问题例外的提问示例。
如果客户难以设定目标并专注于问题，你可以通过提出这样的例外提问来打断负面关注：
告诉我问题不那么困扰或根本没有发生的时候？
* 告诉我你应对问题稍好一些的时候？* 当情况更好时有什么不同？* 当事情好转时你如何应对？* 告诉我过去有效的方法，即使只是短暂时间？
记得询问细节，“还有什么？告诉我更多”，这样他们可以开始构建问题或挑战不那么强烈或压倒性的详细画面。
所以，在下一个视频中，我们将处理奇迹提问。
文章概要
本文介绍了焦点解决心理学中的例外提问技巧，用于帮助客户在设定目标后，通过关注问题较少发生或已解决的时刻，识别自身优势和资源，从而增强实现目标的信心和能力。文章解释了例外提问的定义、重要性，并提供了具体提问示例，强调从问题导向转向优势导向，以促进积极变化。
高德明老师的评价
用12岁初中生可以听懂的语音来重复翻译的内容：
这篇文章讲的是，当我们想实现一个目标时，可以问自己一些问题，比如“什么时候问题不那么烦人”或“过去什么时候做得更好”。这样能让我们看到自己已经有的好办法和力量，而不是总想着困难，就像海浪来了又退去，问题不会一直存在。这能帮助我们更有信心去达成目标。
焦点解决心理学理论评价：
从焦点解决心理学视角看，这篇文章精彩地展示了例外提问的核心价值。它赞美了客户的内在资源和过往成功，将焦点从问题病理转向解决方案构建。通过询问“目标已在何处发生”，文章强化了目标导向思维，体现了SFBT的积极假设——客户已拥有改变所需的能力。这种提问方式不仅减少问题主导叙事，还激发对未来可能性的探索，符合“小改变引发大变化”的原则，是促进客户自我赋能的有效工具。
在实践上可以应用的领域和可以解决人们的十个问题：
例外提问可广泛应用于教育、职场、家庭和个人成长领域。它能帮助人们解决以下十个问题：1. 学习动力不足，通过发现过去成功学习时刻增强信心；2. 工作压力大，识别高效工作时的策略；3. 人际关系紧张，回顾和谐相处的经验；4. 情绪管理困难，聚焦情绪平稳时的应对方式；5. 目标设定模糊，澄清已有进展的情境；6. 自我怀疑强烈，挖掘过往成就以建立自尊；7. 时间管理混乱，找出高效安排时间的例外；8. 沟通障碍，回忆有效交流的实例；9. 健康习惯难以坚持，关注坚持较好的时段；10. 创意枯竭，激发过去灵感迸发的条件。这些应用都基于赞美现有优势、设定明确目标和展望积极未来，促进个人和团队的持续成长。