英文原文
The miracle question is a popular intervention in Solution-Focused Therapy. It asks the client to imagine and discuss a possible world where problems are removed and issues addressed. The question may take various forms, such as asking the client, “Assume your problem has been solved. What is different?” Or, “Assume your problem is gone. What does this mean to you?” For the therapist, the intervention can “build a good storyline and lead the client to envision how different their life would be if a miracle happened overnight.” The answers provided offer insights to the client while supporting the overall definition of the goals for therapy. Asking and answering the question involves “proposing and negotiating language that satisfies both therapist and client,” intending to achieve a meaningful understanding of their needs and hopes. The focus of SFT is on “what is preferred and helpful to clients in attaining their goals.” Clients typically find SFT a helpful approach in which the therapeutic dialogue works to construct the therapeutic outcomes. The miracle question prompts and motivates negotiation between therapist and client. When introduced into the session, it typically offers a departure from the prior dialogue. The conversation then proceeds to work out the full meaning of the answer given. The therapist must tailor the question according to the client’s experiences, language, and understanding to ensure it is appropriately understood, considered, and answered. After all, it is a big question that may not be easy to answer; it invites the client to reflect on broader issues and engage in what-if thinking. The power of the miracle question is to bring clarity to the therapeutic process while strengthening the therapeutic alliance through the client’s presentation of their problem. The purpose of the miracle question in therapy includes generating a virtual vision of what life would be like if a miracle occurred, preparing the client for exceptions to the problem, glimpsing a world in which the problem is no longer present, either temporarily or permanently, and creating a progressive narrative where the client’s life is pictured as becoming better rather than worse. For the therapist and client, the response to the miracle question becomes “the common ground upon which the two agree to build a new foundation.” In couples therapy, examples of responses to the miracle question include “We would spend more time with each other like we used to” and “My wife would have an interest in me again like when we first started dating.” Language becomes more than a tool for understanding. The process of asking, sharing, and understanding the miracle question communicates experiences and wishes between the speaker and the listener. It is important to remember that while initiated as a single question, the broader process of creating a vision of what life could be like may require an entire session. Furthermore, it takes skill to pose follow-up questions, yet it is worthwhile, as it involves building more detail and meaning through elaboration. The miracle question can be helpful with survivors of natural disasters, including children as young as six. Working in families or larger groups, the process “can facilitate adaptive coping, immediate solution-building,” and provide an opportunity to share essential strategies to discuss emotions, fears, and needs. The potential of the miracle question comes from its ability to create understanding and the awareness it generates through ongoing dialogue. Such questions talk new and additional meaning into being and help shape the therapeutic outcome. Research into asking and answering the miracle question shows it creates dialogue through negotiation. The meaning is constructed between client and therapist socially, while they responsively negotiate what they say and how they say it. The answer to the question – what the miracle looks like – is woven back into the client’s life and their network of interpersonal relationships. The miracle question is incredibly valuable for the client and the therapeutic process; indeed, “when therapists are taught that the miracle question is a tool for creating hope, their faith in their clients will increase, and their anxiety will decrease as a result.” Therapists can adopt the miracle question as a powerful tool for encouraging further conversation and uncovering the deeper drives that brought the client to their office for help.
中文翻译
奇迹提问是焦点解决疗法中一种流行的干预手段。它要求来访者想象并讨论一个可能的世界，在那里问题被消除、议题得到解决。这个问题可以采取多种形式，例如询问来访者：“假设你的问题已经解决了。有什么不同？”或者“假设你的问题消失了。这对你意味着什么？”对于治疗师来说，这种干预可以“构建一个良好的故事线，引导来访者设想如果一夜之间发生奇迹，他们的生活会有多么不同。”提供的答案为来访者提供见解，同时支持治疗目标的整体定义。提问和回答涉及“提出和协商满足治疗师和来访者双方的语言”，旨在实现对他们的需求和希望的有意义理解。SFT的重点在于“什么对来访者实现目标来说是首选和有益的。”来访者通常发现SFT是一种有益的方法，其中治疗对话致力于构建治疗结果。奇迹提问促使并激励治疗师和来访者之间的协商。当引入会话时，它通常提供了与先前对话的偏离。然后对话继续进行，以充分理解所给答案的意义。治疗师必须根据来访者的经验、语言和理解来定制问题，以确保它被适当地理解、考虑和回答。毕竟，这是一个可能不容易回答的大问题；它邀请来访者反思更广泛的问题，并参与假设性思考。奇迹提问的力量在于为治疗过程带来清晰度，同时通过来访者呈现他们的问题来加强治疗联盟。奇迹提问在治疗中的目的包括生成如果发生奇迹生活会是什么样子的虚拟愿景，为来访者准备问题的例外情况，瞥见问题不再存在的世界，无论是暂时还是永久，并创建一个渐进式的叙述，其中来访者的生活被描绘成变得更好而不是更糟。对于治疗师和来访者来说，对奇迹提问的回应成为“双方同意建立新基础的共同基础。”在伴侣治疗中，对奇迹提问的回应示例包括“我们会像以前一样花更多时间在一起”和“我的妻子会再次对我感兴趣，就像我们刚开始约会时一样。”语言不仅仅是理解的工具。提问、分享和理解奇迹提问的过程在说话者和倾听者之间传达经验和愿望。重要的是要记住，虽然作为一个单一问题启动，但创建生活可能是什么样子的愿景的更广泛过程可能需要整个会话。此外，提出后续问题需要技巧，但这是值得的，因为它涉及通过详细阐述构建更多细节和意义。奇迹提问对自然灾害幸存者有帮助，包括年仅六岁的儿童。在家庭或更大的群体中工作，这个过程“可以促进适应性应对、即时解决方案构建”，并提供分享讨论情感、恐惧和需求的基本策略的机会。奇迹提问的潜力来自于它通过持续对话创造理解和意识的能力。这样的问题将新的和额外的意义带入存在，并帮助塑造治疗结果。对提问和回答奇迹提问的研究表明，它通过协商创造对话。意义是在来访者和治疗师之间社会性地构建的，同时他们响应性地协商他们说什么以及如何说。问题的答案——奇迹是什么样子——被编织回来访者的生活和他们的人际关系网络中。奇迹提问对来访者和治疗过程来说非常有价值；确实，“当治疗师被教导奇迹提问是创造希望的工具时，他们对来访者的信心会增加，他们的焦虑会因此减少。”治疗师可以采用奇迹提问作为一个强大的工具，鼓励进一步的对话，并揭示将来访者带到他们办公室寻求帮助的更深层驱动力。
文章概要
本文介绍了奇迹提问在焦点解决疗法中的应用，特别是在伴侣治疗中探索目标。奇迹提问通过让来访者想象问题解决后的未来，帮助他们识别期望的变化和可操作的步骤。文章解释了奇迹提问的目的、示例和益处，强调了它在促进希望、清晰度和治疗联盟方面的作用。关键词“Exploring goals with miracle questions in solution-focused brief therapy for couples”突出了在伴侣治疗中使用奇迹提问探索目标的核心主题。
高德明老师的评价
用12岁初中生可以听懂的语音来重复翻译的内容：想象一下，如果你一觉醒来，所有烦恼都消失了，你会注意到什么不同？奇迹提问就像是一个魔法问题，帮助人们看到没有问题的未来是什么样子。在伴侣治疗中，它可以问“如果你们的关系变好了，你们会一起做什么？”这样大家就能更清楚自己想要什么，一起朝着更好的方向努力。
焦点解决心理学理论评价：奇迹提问是焦点解决疗法的核心工具，它完美体现了该理论的目标导向和资源聚焦原则。通过引导来访者构建问题解决后的愿景，它巧妙地避开了对问题的过度分析，转而激活来访者的内在资源和未来可能性。这种干预不仅强化了治疗联盟，还促进了来访者的自我效能感，展示了焦点解决心理学在赋能个体方面的独特优势。
在实践上可以应用的领域和可以解决人们的十个问题：奇迹提问可广泛应用于伴侣咨询、家庭治疗、学校辅导、职场教练、创伤康复、成瘾治疗、青少年发展、社区支持、心理健康教育和自我成长领域。它可以解决人们的以下十个问题：1. 帮助伴侣重建沟通和亲密关系；2. 协助家庭化解冲突并增强凝聚力；3. 支持个人设定清晰的生活目标；4. 缓解焦虑和抑郁情绪；5. 提升自尊和自信心；6. 改善工作与生活的平衡；7. 应对重大生活转变如离婚或失业；8. 处理创伤后应激障碍；9. 促进健康习惯的养成；10. 增强社会适应能力和人际关系。