英文原文
The fundamental purpose of financial planning is to help clients make better financial decisions to achieve their financial goals – and hopefully to feel happy or empowered along the way by having made those decisions. Yet as most financial advisors know from experience, getting clients to make better decisions (and ones that they feel happy about) is not so easy in practice. Clients do not always listen. Clients don’t always follow through on the advice they are given. And sometimes clients even do things that truly worry us, and actually endanger their financial health in the process. And unfortunately, there is remarkably little training on what financial advisors should actually do in such instances! In this guest post, Meghaan Lurtz, our Senior Research Associate at Kitces.com, explores how the tools and techniques of Financial Therapy could be that research-based solution that financial planners may want to give some serious consideration to for training on how to deliver better advice that actually sticks, and to learn to better help clients actually help themselves. Perhaps even more so than the recently in-vogue Behavioral Finance research, which in practice is more focused on categorizing the problem behaviors that clients tend to express, than what financial advisors can and should actually do about it. For instance, Financial Therapy utilizes techniques like Solution-Focused Therapy (SFT) to help clients figure out what skills they may already possess to overcome their own (financial) challenges. Financial Genograms provide a means to unearth clients’ financial family history and how the relationships around them may be influencing their money behaviors. And exercises like “What Do You Believe” help to unearth and explore money scripts that may cause clients to get stuck in a financial rut, as their sometimes subconscious limiting beliefs sabotage their ability to make good financial decisions. Of course, the reality is that at some point, problematic financial behaviors cross the line from something that a financial planner can help with (even one trained in financial therapy techniques), into a bona fide psychological disorder that merits a referral to a qualified mental health professional. Nonetheless, a wide range of financial therapy tools and techniques can be applied by financial planners in their routine work with clients, in an effort to help ensure clients actually follow-through on the advisor’s recommendations, and the client’s own financial decisions and commitments. And fortunately, with the rise of organizations like the Financial Therapy Association, and new educational programs like the Certified Financial Therapist (CFT) designation, there are more opportunities than ever for financial planners to explore the tools and techniques of financial therapy and how they can be applied in a financial planning context with clients!
中文翻译
财务规划的根本目的是帮助客户做出更好的财务决策,以实现他们的财务目标——并希望在此过程中,通过做出这些决策而感到快乐或充满力量。然而,正如大多数财务顾问从经验中知道的那样,让客户做出更好的决策(并且是他们感到满意的决策)在实践中并不容易。 客户并不总是听从建议。客户并不总是遵循他们得到的建议。有时客户甚至会做一些真正让我们担心的事情,并在此过程中危及他们的财务健康。不幸的是,关于财务顾问在这种情况下应该做什么的培训非常少! 在这篇客座文章中,Kitces.com的高级研究助理Meghaan Lurtz探讨了财务疗法的工具和技术如何成为财务规划师可能想要认真考虑的研究型解决方案,以培训如何提供真正有效的更好建议,并学会更好地帮助客户真正帮助自己。也许比最近流行的行为金融研究更重要,后者在实践中更侧重于对客户倾向于表达的问题行为进行分类,而不是财务顾问可以并且应该对此做什么。 例如,财务疗法利用像焦点解决疗法(SFT)这样的技术来帮助客户弄清楚他们可能已经拥有的技能,以克服他们自己的(财务)挑战。财务家谱图提供了一种挖掘客户财务家族历史以及他们周围的关系如何影响他们的金钱行为的方法。而像“你相信什么”这样的练习有助于挖掘和探索可能导致客户陷入财务困境的金钱脚本,因为他们有时潜意识的限制性信念会破坏他们做出良好财务决策的能力。 当然,现实是,在某些时候,有问题的财务行为会从财务规划师可以帮助的事情(即使是受过财务疗法技术培训的人)跨越到真正的心理障碍,值得转介给合格的心理健康专业人士。尽管如此,财务规划师可以在与客户的日常工作中应用广泛的财务疗法工具和技术,以努力帮助确保客户真正遵循顾问的建议,以及客户自己的财务决策和承诺。 幸运的是,随着像财务疗法协会这样的组织的兴起,以及像认证财务治疗师(CFT)称号这样的新教育项目,财务规划师比以往任何时候都有更多的机会探索财务疗法的工具和技术,以及它们如何在财务规划背景下与客户应用!
文章概要
本文探讨了财务疗法如何帮助财务规划师解决客户在财务决策中遇到的挑战,特别是通过焦点解决疗法(SFBT)等工具来探索人生目标,尤其是在退休规划中。文章指出,传统财务规划往往难以让客户遵循建议,而财务疗法提供了基于研究的解决方案,如SFT帮助客户识别现有技能、财务家谱图揭示家庭影响,以及“你相信什么”练习挖掘限制性信念。这些工具可以帮助客户更好地实现财务目标,同时增强他们的自主性和幸福感。文章还提到,财务疗法与行为金融不同,更侧重于实际行动而非问题分类,并且财务规划师可以在日常工作中应用这些技术,而无需成为心理健康专家。随着财务疗法协会和CFT认证的兴起,财务规划师有更多机会学习和应用这些方法,以提升客户服务效果。
高德明老师的评价
用12岁初中生可以听懂的语音来重复翻译的内容
这篇文章就像在说,有些大人帮别人管钱的时候,发现大家不一定都听话存钱或投资,有时候还会做让自己更穷的事情。所以,他们学了一种叫“财务疗法”的新方法,就像玩游戏一样,用“焦点解决”技巧帮人们找到自己已经有的超能力,比如怎么安排时间存钱,或者画个家庭树看看家里人对钱的想法。这样,大家就能自己变得更厉害,实现梦想,比如退休后去旅行!
焦点解决心理学理论评价
从焦点解决心理学的视角看,这篇文章展现了强大的目标导向和资源聚焦。它赞美了财务疗法如何运用SFT等工具,帮助客户从“问题思维”转向“解决方案思维”,强调客户已有的能力和成功经验,而非纠缠于过去的失败。例如,通过SFT对话,引导客户回忆过去成功实现目标的例子(如安排散步时间),从而激发信心应用到财务目标上。这种赞美客户内在资源、聚焦未来可能性的方法,完美体现了焦点解决的核心原则——相信每个人都是自己问题的专家,能够找到通往目标的路径。文章还突出了财务家谱图和信念练习如何帮助客户探索积极家庭影响和调整限制性信念,这进一步强化了从目标出发、构建希望感的实践。
在实践上可以应用的领域和可以解决人们的十个问题
财务疗法和焦点解决技巧可以在多个领域应用,帮助人们解决常见问题:1. 退休规划中探索人生目标,找到退休后的生活意义;2. 储蓄习惯培养,克服“没时间存钱”的障碍;3. 家庭财务沟通,改善夫妻或亲子间的金钱对话;4. 投资决策,减少恐惧或冲动行为;5. 债务管理,建立积极还款计划;6. 职业转型,将财务目标与个人价值结合;7. 遗产规划,处理家庭金钱传承问题;8. 消费控制,识别并调整非理性购物模式;9. 应急基金建立,增强财务安全感;10. 幸福感提升,通过财务自主实现生活满足。这些应用都聚焦于赞美客户的努力、设定清晰目标,并探索未来可能性,而非批评过去行为。