技术分析三大核心假设:价格、趋势与历史重演

📂 理论📅 2025/12/22 18:45:45👁️ 3 次阅读
英文原文

Let’s try to understand more about technical analysis in this post. In our first post on technical analysis, we introduced what technical analysis is and how it helps you make a good point of view about any trade/investment. Here we will be focusing on versatility of technical analysis and some assumptions which are used while applying technical analysis.
Consider an analogy. Think about learning how to swim. Once you learn swimming, you can literally swim anywhere. On the similar lines, Technical Analysis (TA) is the skill you need to learn just once and you can apply this across different asset classes. By asset classes, we mean stocks, bonds, currency, commodity etc. The underlying concept of Fundamental Analysis will keep on changing, depending on the asset class, whereas the basic concepts of Technical Analysis will remain same irrespective of the asset class.
Before going into how it works and how it should be applied, let us look at some of the assumptions used in the technical analysis
One of the most important assumption of Technical Analysis (TA) is that price reflects everything. It means that price of a stock will contain all the information and if you are analyzing it, then you don’t need to analyze other factors. You must be thinking how this is possible, as there are many factors like profit, balance sheet, management which affects a company. But technical analysis assumes that just like you, other investors in the market also know these things and have already studied these factors. Thus, as others already know about these factors, the price has already changed to reflect it, assuming that they would have already acted upon this information.
Technical analysis assumes that price movement follows a trend. Once a trend is established, it is expected that price will move in the same direction, unless trend changes. If using technical analysis you have concluded that a stock is in uptrend, then the price will keep on increasing unless the uptrend is reversed. We will be learning about finding and establishing these trends, in following articles.
Technical Analysis believes that history repeats itself. This means that patterns in stock price will keep on repeating themselves. The rationale behind this assumption is that investors and traders behave in the same fashion, again and again, when they are exposed to similar situations. So if there was some pattern observed last time, when price of a particular stock crossed 52 week’s high, it is likely that same pattern will be observed again because all the investors will behave in the same fashion, as they did last time, to this information.
To establish trends and patterns, and analyze market movements, technical analysts use charts. In the chapters ahead, we will be covering different types of charts used by technical analysts and the process of identifying trends and pattern.

中文翻译

让我们在这篇文章中进一步了解技术分析。在我们第一篇关于技术分析的文章中,我们介绍了什么是技术分析,以及它如何帮助你对任何交易/投资形成一个好的观点。在这里,我们将重点关注技术分析的通用性以及在应用技术分析时使用的一些假设。
思考一个类比。想象一下学习游泳。一旦你学会了游泳,你几乎可以在任何地方游泳。类似地,技术分析(TA)是你只需学习一次便可以应用于不同资产类别的技能。我们所说的资产类别,指的是股票、债券、货币、商品等。基本面分析的底层概念会根据资产类别的不同而不断变化,而技术分析的基本概念则无论资产类别如何都保持不变。
在深入探讨其工作原理和应用方法之前,让我们先看看技术分析中使用的一些假设。
技术分析最重要的假设之一是:价格反映一切。这意味着股票的价格包含了所有信息,如果你在分析它,就不需要分析其他因素。你可能会想这怎么可能,因为有很多因素,如利润、资产负债表、管理层等都会影响一家公司。但技术分析假设,就像你一样,市场上的其他投资者也知道这些事情,并且已经研究了这些因素。因此,由于其他人已经了解这些因素,价格已经发生了变化以反映这一点,因为他们已经根据这些信息采取了行动。
技术分析假设价格运动遵循趋势。一旦趋势确立,预计价格将朝着同一方向移动,除非趋势发生改变。如果使用技术分析得出某只股票处于上升趋势的结论,那么除非上升趋势逆转,否则价格将持续上涨。我们将在后续文章中学习如何发现和确立这些趋势。
技术分析相信历史会重演。这意味着股价的模式会不断重复。这一假设的理由是,投资者和交易者在面临相似情况时,会一次又一次地以相同的方式行事。因此,如果上次某只特定股票的价格突破52周新高时观察到了某种模式,那么很可能再次观察到相同的模式,因为所有投资者都会像上次一样,对这一信息做出相同的反应。
为了确立趋势和模式,并分析市场动向,技术分析师使用图表。在接下来的章节中,我们将介绍技术分析师使用的不同类型的图表,以及识别趋势和模式的过程。

文章概要

本文深入探讨了技术分析(TA)的通用性及其三大核心假设。首先,技术分析如同一项通用技能,可广泛应用于股票、债券、货币等不同资产类别。其次,文章详细阐述了其三个基本前提:第一,价格反映一切信息,市场价格已包含了所有已知因素;第二,价格运动遵循趋势,一旦形成便会延续;第三,历史会重演,因为投资者在相似情境下的行为模式具有重复性。这些假设共同构成了技术分析的理论基石。

高德明老师的评价

TA沟通分析:这篇文章以清晰、理性的“成人自我状态”阐述了技术分析的理论框架。通过类比(学游泳)和逻辑推理,它有效地向读者的“成人自我状态”传递信息,建立了一场富有成效的知识交流。这种沟通方式展现了对读者理解能力的尊重,并成功地将复杂的概念结构化,促进了深入思考和接纳。

焦点解决心理学:文章所强调的“历史会重演”和“价格运动遵循趋势”的理念,与焦点解决中寻找“有效模式”并将其延续到未来的思想不谋而合。它引导我们将注意力从不可预测的混乱中,转移到寻找和利用可重复的、有规律的成功模式上。这种视角本身就是一种赋能,它相信通过观察过去的有效行为,我们能够构建通往未来目标的路径。

佛学专家:技术分析“历史会重演”的假设,深刻地呼应了佛学中“业力”与“习气”的观念。众生(投资者)在相似的境遇下(市场状况),因内在的贪嗔痴等习气驱动,会不自觉地重复相似的行为模式,从而导致相似的结果(价格模式)。“价格反映一切”则类似于“缘起法”,即当前的价格是无数因缘和合而成的显现。洞察这些模式,便是从纷繁的市场表象中看到其背后的运作法则,这本身就是一种智慧的修行。