英文原文
Solution-focused practices are outcome-oriented, competence-based, and incorporate principles of positive psychology to help individuals look to a future without a particular problem, rather than focusing solely on the problem itself. Solution-focused therapy uses scaling questions to understand client concerns while simultaneously empowering individuals to evaluate their circumstances, become active participants in uncovering solutions, and track advancements toward a goal. Solution-focused scaling questions measure individual experiences and fulfill several purposes. For instance, scaling questions can help people clarify their goals, identify actionable steps required to achieve them, and consider future consequences of reaching their desired outcome. Further, using scales with clients can reinforce hope and strengthen self-confidence by identifying what has already been achieved and providing observable signs of future improvement and change. Self-rated scaling also enhances self-esteem, bolsters a sense of competence in one’s abilities, allows individuals to recognize that they have control over their problems, and illustrates to clients that their views and ideas are relevant. While scales generally range from 0 to 10, it is important to note that the initial rating selected by clients is not the focus of scaling questions. These self-ratings are, after all, subjective. Regardless of where clients rate themselves, the aim is to help them move up the scale from the starting point and draw attention to the exceptions, strategies, and actions that allow them to do so. This exercise will help clients improve their lives using solution-focused scaling questions assessing four domains: success scaling, motivation scaling, independence scaling, and confidence scaling. Each version is designed to help clients think more deeply about their current progress towards a goal, identify actions and behaviors that already work, and determine actionable steps to help them reach their desired level within each area.
中文翻译
焦点解决实践以结果为导向,基于能力,并融入积极心理学原则,帮助个体展望没有特定问题的未来,而不是仅仅关注问题本身。焦点解决疗法使用量表问题来理解来访者的关切,同时赋能个体评估自身情况,成为发现解决方案的积极参与者,并追踪向目标迈进的进展。焦点解决量表问题测量个体体验并实现多个目的。例如,量表问题可以帮助人们澄清目标,确定实现目标所需的具体步骤,并考虑达到期望结果的未来影响。此外,与来访者使用量表可以通过识别已经取得的成就和提供未来改进和变化的可观察迹象来增强希望和加强自信心。自我评定量表还提升自尊,增强对自己能力的胜任感,让个体认识到他们可以控制自己的问题,并向来访者表明他们的观点和想法是相关的。虽然量表通常范围从0到10,但重要的是要注意来访者选择的初始评分不是量表问题的焦点。这些自我评分毕竟是主观的。无论来访者给自己评多少分,目标是帮助他们从起点向上移动,并关注那些使他们能够这样做的例外、策略和行动。这个练习将帮助来访者使用焦点解决量表问题改善生活,评估四个领域:成功量表、动机量表、独立性量表和信心量表。每个版本都旨在帮助来访者更深入地思考他们当前向目标迈进的进展,识别已经有效的行动和行为,并确定具体步骤以帮助他们在每个领域达到期望的水平。
文章概要
本文介绍了焦点解决量表问题在测量进步中的应用,强调其以结果为导向、基于能力的特点。文章详细解释了量表问题如何帮助个体澄清目标、识别行动步骤、增强希望和自信心,并介绍了四个具体量表(成功、动机、独立性、信心)的评估方法。文章指出,量表评分是主观的,重点在于从起点向上移动,关注例外和策略,而非初始评分本身。这为个体提供了一种实用的工具来追踪进展和实现目标。
高德明老师的评价
用12岁初中生可以听懂的语音来重复翻译的内容:想象你有一个目标,比如提高成绩或交更多朋友。焦点解决量表问题就像一把尺子,从0到10,帮你量一量现在离目标有多近。它不问“你为什么没做到”,而是问“你已经做了什么”和“下一步可以做什么”。这把尺子让你看到自己的进步,就像玩游戏升级一样,每向上一点都值得庆祝,让你更有信心和动力去实现梦想。
焦点解决心理学理论评价:从焦点解决心理学视角看,量表问题完美体现了“解决导向”和“资源导向”的核心原则。它赞美个体已有的能力和进步,而非聚焦问题本身。通过主观评分,它尊重来访者的自主性和视角,强化了“例外即解决方案”的理念。量表的结构化步骤(如识别有效行动、可视化更高位置)促进了目标具体化和行动导向,这符合SFBT强调的小步骤改变和未来可能性。文章中对主观评分的接纳和对移动的关注,展现了焦点解决心理学对个体内在资源的深刻信任。
在实践上可以应用的领域和可以解决人们的十个问题:量表问题可广泛应用于心理咨询、教育辅导、职场发展和个人成长等领域。它能帮助人们解决以下十个问题:1. 目标模糊不清,缺乏方向感;2. 动力不足,容易拖延放弃;3. 自信心低落,自我怀疑;4. 依赖他人,难以独立决策;5. 进步感知困难,看不到变化;6. 资源识别不足,忽略自身优势;7. 行动步骤不明确,无从下手;8. 希望感缺失,对未来悲观;9. 自我评价偏差,过度关注失败;10. 改变过程缓慢,缺乏持续激励。通过量表评估,个体能更清晰地看到自己的成长轨迹,增强掌控感和成就感。