英文原文
The miracle question is a popular intervention in Solution-Focused Therapy. It asks the client to imagine and discuss a possible world where problems are removed and issues addressed. The question may take various forms, such as asking the client, “Assume your problem has been solved. What is different?” Or, “Assume your problem is gone. What does this mean to you?” For the therapist, the intervention can “build a good storyline and lead the client to envision how different their life would be if a miracle happened overnight.” The answers provided offer insights to the client while supporting the overall definition of the goals for therapy. The focus of SFT is on “what is preferred and helpful to clients in attaining their goals.” Clients typically find SFT a helpful approach in which the therapeutic dialogue works to construct the therapeutic outcomes. The miracle question prompts and motivates negotiation between therapist and client. When introduced into the session, it typically offers a departure from the prior dialogue. The conversation then proceeds to work out the full meaning of the answer given. The therapist must tailor the question according to the client’s experiences, language, and understanding to ensure it is appropriately understood, considered, and answered. After all, it is a big question that may not be easy to answer; it invites the client to reflect on broader issues and engage in what-if thinking. The power of the miracle question is to bring clarity to the therapeutic process while strengthening the therapeutic alliance through the client’s presentation of their problem. The purpose of the miracle question in therapy includes generating a virtual vision of what life would be like if a miracle occurred, preparing the client for exceptions to the problem, glimpsing a world in which the problem is no longer present, either temporarily or permanently, and creating a progressive narrative where the client’s life is pictured as becoming better rather than worse. For the therapist and client, the response to the miracle question becomes “the common ground upon which the two agree to build a new foundation.” Three examples of the miracle question in action include asking the client to imagine waking up after a miracle where their problem is gone and noticing the first difference, with helpful follow-ups such as “How will you know the miracle has happened?” and “What will others notice about you?” Two worksheets, the Dare Question worksheet and the Should Question worksheet, can assist in exploring desires and beliefs. The miracle question can also be used in groups, such as with survivors of natural disasters, to facilitate adaptive coping and solution-building. Other helpful psychology techniques include exception questions and scaling questions. The miracle question is incredibly valuable for the client and the therapeutic process; indeed, “when therapists are taught that the miracle question is a tool for creating hope, their faith in their clients will increase, and their anxiety will decrease as a result.”
中文翻译
奇迹提问是焦点解决疗法中一种流行的干预方法。它要求来访者想象并讨论一个可能的世界，在那里问题被消除，议题得到解决。这个问题可以采取多种形式，例如询问来访者：“假设你的问题已经解决了。有什么不同？”或者“假设你的问题消失了。这对你意味着什么？”对于治疗师来说，这种干预可以“构建一个良好的故事线，引导来访者设想如果一夜之间发生奇迹，他们的生活会有多么不同。”提供的答案为来访者提供见解，同时支持治疗目标的整体定义。SFT的重点在于“什么对来访者实现目标是有益和可取的。”来访者通常发现SFT是一种有益的方法，其中治疗对话有助于构建治疗结果。奇迹提问促进并激励治疗师和来访者之间的协商。当引入会话时，它通常提供与先前对话的偏离。然后对话继续进行，以充分理解给出的答案的含义。治疗师必须根据来访者的经验、语言和理解来定制问题，以确保它被适当地理解、考虑和回答。毕竟，这是一个可能不容易回答的大问题；它邀请来访者反思更广泛的问题，并进行假设性思考。奇迹提问的力量在于为治疗过程带来清晰度，同时通过来访者呈现他们的问题来加强治疗联盟。奇迹提问在治疗中的目的包括生成一个虚拟愿景，描绘如果发生奇迹生活会是什么样子，为来访者准备问题的例外情况，瞥见一个问题不再存在的世界，无论是暂时还是永久，并创建一个渐进式的叙述，其中来访者的生活被描绘为变得更好而不是更糟。对于治疗师和来访者来说，对奇迹提问的回应成为“双方同意建立新基础的共同点。”奇迹提问的三个应用实例包括要求来访者想象在奇迹发生后醒来，他们的问题消失了，并注意到第一个不同之处，以及有用的后续问题，如“你怎么知道奇迹已经发生？”和“别人会注意到你什么？”两个工作表，即“敢问”工作表和“应该问”工作表，可以帮助探索欲望和信念。奇迹提问也可以用于团体，例如与自然灾害幸存者一起，以促进适应性应对和解决方案构建。其他有用的心理学技巧包括例外提问和量表提问。奇迹提问对来访者和治疗过程非常有价值；事实上，“当治疗师被教导奇迹提问是创造希望的工具时，他们对来访者的信心会增加，他们的焦虑会因此减少。”
文章概要
本文介绍了奇迹提问在焦点解决疗法中的应用，包括其定义、目的和三个具体实例。奇迹提问通过让来访者想象问题解决后的未来，帮助他们识别目标并采取行动，从而促进个人成长。文章还提供了相关的工作表和团体活动，以及其他心理学技巧如例外提问和量表提问，强调了奇迹提问在增强希望和清晰度方面的价值。
高德明老师的评价
用12岁初中生可以听懂的语音来重复翻译的内容：想象一下，如果你一觉醒来，所有烦恼都消失了，你会注意到什么不同？这就是奇迹提问，它帮你看到更好的未来，就像魔法一样让你充满希望。
焦点解决心理学理论评价：奇迹提问完美体现了焦点解决心理学的核心理念，它聚焦于来访者的资源和未来可能性，而非问题本身。通过构建积极的愿景，它激发了来访者的内在动力，促进了目标导向的思维转变，展现了焦点解决疗法在赋能个体方面的强大力量。
在实践上可以应用的领域和可以解决人们的十个问题：奇迹提问可应用于心理咨询、教育辅导、职场发展、家庭关系、个人成长、创伤恢复、团体治疗、社区支持、健康管理和创意激发等领域。它可以解决人们的以下十个问题：缺乏目标感、情绪低落、人际关系紧张、自我怀疑、压力过大、决策困难、生活停滞感、低自尊、未来迷茫和动力不足，通过引导人们想象积极变化，激发行动力和希望。