英文原文
Scaling questions can be very useful and quite versatile. It is simple enough that even children old enough to understand numbers concepts and adults who think very concretely can use it effectively. Even when a person is vague, unclear or there is disagreement about issues, the therapist can usually encourage clients to put vague descriptions into numbers.
Scaling questions can be used for assessing the client-therapist relationship, investment in change, progress in therapy, different perceptions of solutions, prioritizing of things that need to be done, who is more willing to work to find solutions, how hopeful they are that the problem can be solved realistically and so on.
Scaling QuestionsŚIndividual
ōIn a scale of 0 to 10, with 10 meaning you have every confidence that this problem can be solved, and 0 meaning no confidence at all, where would you put yourself today?ö
ōOn the same scale, how much chance do you give yourself that this problem can be solved?ö
(A visitor-type relationship will most frequently prompt a response close to 0. The closer the response gets to 10, the more confidence the therapist can have that a contract for therapy is developing. When confidence is high, 7 or above, the therapist should ask the client to explain what factors go into this level of confidence.)
ōWhen the figure on the scale is improved by 1 point (say from 5 to 6) what will be going on in your life that is not going on now?ö
ōWhen it is, say 8, what would you be doing that you are not doing now?ö
ōOn the same scale, how hopeful are you that this problem can be solved?ö or ōHow realistic is it that this problem can be solved?ö
ōOn the same scale, how much would you say you are invested in solving this problem? How much your husband? Your wife? How do you account for the difference? What do you know that he/she doesnÆt know?ö
When working with a couple, the same question can be asked in the presence of each other. When there is a wide disparity, for instance, the husband says 9 on the hopeful scale, while the wife says 3, the therapist may need to know why there is such a disparity and ask for explanations by asking questions like:
ōHow do you explain that you see things so differently?ö (To the husband) ōWhat do you know about your marriage that your wife doesnÆt know that makes you so hopeful?ö (To the wife) What do you know that your husband doesnÆt know that makes you less hopeful?ö
Moving on to other aspects of client perceptions, the following are examples of how the scales can be used:
ōOn the same scale, where would you say you have to be for you to say that you can live with this problem?ö
ōSuppose you were at 0 when we started and your goal is to be at 10, where would you say you are today?ö
ōWhat would have to be different for you to say that you are one point higher?ö
ōWith 0 being ōworstö and 10 being ōthe bestö, how depressed are you feeling today? Yesterday?ö
Scaling QuestionsŚRelationship
ōIf your husband (wife) were here, and I were to ask him, where would he put the chances of the problem being solved?ö
ōOn the same scale, where would he say you are at in willingness to solve this (drinking) problem?ö
ōIf he were here, how hopeful would he say he is that the problem will be solved?ö
ōHow invested would he say you are in solving this problem?ö
ōLetÆs say 10 means that things are the best they can be, given the circumstances, where would he say things are at today?ö
ōWhat would he say will have to be different for him to move from 5 to 6 on the same scale?ö
ōWhen things are improved, say from 6 to 7, what would he notice different about you?ö
ōOn a scale of 10 (a hell of a lot) to 0, how much do you think she wants this marriage? How much do you think se thinks you want this marriage?ö ōFrom his/her point of view, what would he say to you and he/she will be doing different when the scale has moved from 6 to 7?ö
Suggestion for What to Do
Since the scaling questions will provide fairly good ideas about the level of client investment and willingness to initiate behavioral changes, whether to give a task at the end of the session or mat will depend on the therapist assessment of the nature of the client-therapist relationship. Therefore, depending on the level of the clientÆs willingness to initiate change, one can give 1) just a compliment and the task of returning for the next session, 2) compliment and an observational task, or 3) compliment and a behavioral task.
中文翻译
量表提问法非常有用且用途广泛。它足够简单，即使是理解数字概念的儿童和思维非常具体的成年人都能有效使用。即使一个人模糊不清、不明确或对问题存在分歧，治疗师通常可以鼓励来访者将模糊的描述转化为数字。
量表提问法可用于评估来访者与治疗师的关系、改变的投入程度、治疗进展、对解决方案的不同看法、需要完成事项的优先级、谁更愿意努力寻找解决方案、他们对问题能够现实解决的希望程度等等。
个体量表提问
“在0到10的量表上，10表示你完全有信心这个问题可以解决，0表示完全没有信心，你今天会把自己放在哪里？”
“在同一个量表上，你认为自己有多少机会解决这个问题？”
（来访者型关系通常会引发接近0的回应。回应越接近10，治疗师就越有信心认为治疗合同正在形成。当信心很高，达到7或以上时，治疗师应请来访者解释是什么因素促成了这种信心水平。）
“当量表上的数字提高1分（比如从5到6）时，你的生活中会发生什么现在没有发生的事情？”
“当它达到，比如8时，你会做什么现在没有做的事情？”
“在同一个量表上，你对这个问题能够解决有多大的希望？”或“这个问题能够解决有多现实？”
“在同一个量表上，你会说你投入了多少来解决这个问题？你的丈夫呢？你的妻子呢？你如何解释这种差异？你知道什么他/她不知道的事情？”
在与夫妻工作时，可以在彼此在场的情况下问同样的问题。当存在很大差异时，例如，丈夫在希望量表上说9，而妻子说3，治疗师可能需要了解为什么存在这种差异，并通过提问来寻求解释，例如：
“你如何解释你们看待事物的方式如此不同？”（对丈夫）“关于你的婚姻，你知道什么你的妻子不知道的事情，让你如此充满希望？”（对妻子）“你知道什么你的丈夫不知道的事情，让你不那么充满希望？”
继续探讨来访者感知的其他方面，以下是量表如何使用的例子：
“在同一个量表上，你认为你必须达到多少分才能说你能够忍受这个问题？”
“假设我们开始时你在0分，你的目标是达到10分，你认为你今天在哪里？”
“必须有什么不同，你才会说你提高了一分？”
“以0为‘最差’，10为‘最好’，你今天感觉有多抑郁？昨天呢？”
关系量表提问
“如果你的丈夫（妻子）在这里，我问他的话，他会把问题解决的机会放在哪里？”
“在同一个量表上，他会说你在解决这个（饮酒）问题的意愿上处于什么位置？”
“如果他在这里，他会说他有多希望问题能够解决？”
“他会说你投入了多少来解决这个问题？”
“假设10表示情况在给定环境下是最好的，他会说今天的情况在哪里？”
“他会说什么必须不同，他才能从5分移动到6分？”
“当情况改善时，比如从6到7，他会注意到你有哪些不同？”
“在10（非常多）到0的量表上，你认为她有多想要这段婚姻？你认为她认为你有多想要这段婚姻？”“从他/她的角度来看，当量表从6移动到7时，他/她会说你和他/她会做什么不同的事情？”
行动建议
由于量表提问法将提供关于来访者投入程度和启动行为改变意愿的相当好的想法，是否在会话结束时给予任务将取决于治疗师对来访者与治疗师关系性质的评估。因此，根据来访者启动改变的意愿水平，可以给予1）仅仅一个赞美和返回下一次会话的任务，2）赞美和一个观察任务，或3）赞美和一个行为任务。
文章概要
本文介绍了量表提问法在关系咨询中的应用，这是一种简单而多功能的工具，通过0到10的量表帮助来访者量化模糊感受和评估目标进展。文章详细阐述了量表提问法在个体和关系咨询中的具体问题示例，如评估信心、希望、投入程度和感知差异，并提供了基于来访者意愿水平的行动建议，强调其在促进沟通和明确目标方面的价值。
高德明老师的评价
用12岁初中生可以听懂的语音来重复翻译的内容
量表提问法就像用数字给感觉打分，比如从0到10，0代表一点信心都没有，10代表超级有信心。这样，即使说不清楚自己的感受，也能用数字表达出来。在关系咨询中，夫妻可以互相猜对方会打几分，或者一起讨论分数变化时生活会有什么不同，帮助大家更清楚地看到目标和进步。
焦点解决心理学理论评价
量表提问法完美体现了焦点解决短期治疗的核心原则，它通过将抽象的主观体验转化为具体的数字，帮助来访者聚焦于解决方案而非问题本身。这种方法赞美了来访者已有的资源和能力，例如通过提问“当分数提高1分时会发生什么”，引导来访者想象未来的积极变化，从而增强希望感和目标导向。它避免了评判，而是鼓励来访者自我评估和探索可能性，符合SFBT的建构主义视角。
在实践上可以应用的领域和可以解决人们的十个问题
量表提问法可广泛应用于婚姻咨询、家庭治疗、个人成长、职场沟通、教育辅导、成瘾康复、压力管理、冲突调解、团队建设和健康促进等领域。它可以解决人们的十个问题，包括增强关系中的沟通清晰度、提升解决冲突的信心、明确个人改变目标、评估治疗进展、平衡夫妻间的期望差异、提高应对压力的能力、促进团队协作效率、支持成瘾恢复过程、改善亲子互动质量以及培养积极心态和希望感。